EXCAVATION OF THE WESTERN ZHOU TOMBS AT ZHANGJIAPO IN CHANGAN IN 1967
The Fengxi Archaeological Team, IA, CASS
The Fengxi Archaeological Team under the Institute of Archaeology of the Academy of Social Seiences unearthed 124 tombs, 5 horse-and-chariot pits, 3 horse pits and 4 oxen pits, all dating from the Western Zhou dynasty at Zhangjiapo in Changan, Shaanxi province in 1967. The tombs, mostly small or medium sized, are the same in shape and burial custom as those excavated previously at Zhangjiapo.Most of the tombs contained pottery vessels, while a few yielded bronzes. Human sacrifiees were found in a horse-and-chariot pit and 13 tombs, one of them containing as many as three.A total of about 500 funeral objects were unearthed, including bronzes, pottery, lacquerware and jades. The bulk of them is pottery, comprising the li cooking vessel, jars and the food vessels gui, dou and yu. According to the types and combination of the pottery, the tombs can be assigned to 6 phases. The earliest may not anticipate the fall of the Yin dynasty, while the latest corresponds to the end of Western Zhou.Zhangjiapo is an important site of Western Zhou at the Fengxi area, which is said to have been the seat of Fengjing, capital of the dynasty. Apart from the tombs and chariot-and-horse pits, a pit for storing bronzes was also discovered there. Since no remains of bigger buildings have been located, it is presumed that Zhangjiapo was probably not the eenter of Fengjing.
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