Differentiation of embryonic stem cells and induced pluripotent stem cells into cardiomyocytes:progresses and perspectives

LIANG He,WANG Jia,CAO Nan,HUANG Ji-jun,YANG Huang-tian*(Key Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology,Institute of Health Science,Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences/Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine,Shanghai 200025,China)  

Pluripotent embryonic stem cells(ESCs) are capable of prolonged symmetrical self-renewal and possess the unique property to differentiate into derivatives of all three primary germ layers,including specialized cardiomyocytes with all cell types of the heart,such as atrial-like,ventricular-like,sinus nodal-like,and Purkinje-like cells.Recently generated ESC-like pluripotent cells by reprogramming somatic cells,named induced pluripo-tent stem cells(iPSCs),open a new gate for cell transplantation-based regenerative medicine.Spontaneous differentiation of ESCs and iPSCs into cardiomyocytes is however limited.To elucidate the regulatory mecha-nisms and effectively differentiate these pluripotent cells into specific cardiomyocytes are crucial to obtain fundamental knowledge in cardiogenesis,screen drugs and promote the usage of these cells in replacement therapy.This review summarizes the current state of differentiation of cardiomyocytes from mouse and human ESCs and their regulatory factors.The in vitro differentiation potential of iPSCs into cardiomyocytes is also described.Finally,the steps required to fully harness the potential of this in vitro differentiation system and the application potential are discussed.

【Key Words】： stem cell embryonic stem cells induced pluripotent stem cells cardiomyocytes in vitro differentiation
【Fund】： 国家自然科学基金项目(30671045;30518003);; 科技部重大科学研究计划(2006CB0F0900);; 上海市科委基础重大项目(06DJ14001)
【CateGory Index】： R329

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