Atmospheric polarization field pattern distribution and polarization navigation technology
CHU Jinkui;GUAN Le;LI Shiqi;ZHANG Ran;JIN Rencheng;CUI Yan;WANG Liding;Key Laboratory for Precision and Nona,Traditional Machining Technology of Ministry of Education,Dalian University of Technology;Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Technology and System of Liaoning Province,Dalian University of Technology;
Skylight polarization field patterns are not only used in high-resolution quantitative remote sensing but are also known as the source of polarization navigation information. Polarization navigation technology for biomimetic insects is a hotspot in navigation and bionic fields. Scientists have found a stable polarization distribution in the sky with the height of the sun. In addition, biologists have found that various insects can use their compound eyes to detect polarization information and achieve navigation and positioning function. Hence, domestic and foreign scholars have conducted extensive research on the mechanism of polarized light navigation sensor of bionic insect compound eyes. Further research into the precision mapping rules between polarization field patterns and polarization sensors under different space–time conditions, the accurate acquisition and modeling of skylight polarization field patterns, and the measurement accuracy and error analysis for information integration of skylight polarization field patterns under multi-space–time conditions is important. In this study, the research progress of polarized navigation is introduced from the aspects of atmospheric polarization field distribution and polarization navigation technique. The theoretical basis for describing the polarization distribution is introduced. Rayleigh scattering theory is similar to the clear cloudless atmospheric polarization model. Mie scattering theory and the vector radiative transfer equation consider the effects of cloud scattering, and they are closer to the true atmospheric polarization.The effect of polarization distribution test under different weather conditions is then described in the background of land, ocean, and sunlight and moonlight to compare the differences from neutral points under different conditions. The variation law and physical characteristics of the polarization vector field are summarized. The polarization distribution pattern of the whole weather is proved, which shows that the whole weather has the same variation law but is different in the polarization index. At the same time, the detectable and information utilization of the atmospheric polarized vector field during the day is higher than that at night. Meanwhile, the measurement error analysis based on cloud computing is presented. Finally, the development history and research results about accuracy assessment of polarized navigation devices at home and abroad are introduced. The broad application of polarization navigation in integrated navigation is pointed out. At present, polarized light navigation sensors can be divided into two types, namely, point-source and imaging types. The point-source type has good real-time performance and imaging robustness. However, its anti-interference ability is poor, making it difficult to achieve real-time measurement. In precision measurement, the point-source type is higher than the imaging type, and the highest accuracy it can reach is 0.1 degrees of navigation accuracy without drift error. A polarized light navigation system is characterized by autonomy with non-accumulative errors. In this study, the combined applications of polarized light navigation sensors and GPS, gyroscopes, and other navigation devices are introduced, and the research direction of polarized light navigation sensors is pointed out. Polarized light navigation is one of the practical applications of atmospheric polarization vector fields. The objective validity of skylight polarization field patterns is verified, and a practical guidance for high-resolution quantitative remote sensing technology is provided.
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